Summary
Israel struck military sites near Isfahan in Iran — the first Israeli military action on Iranian soil — in a deliberately limited response designed to demonstrate reach without triggering full escalation. Iran initially denied the strikes occurred; both sides signalled they wished to de-escalate.
The scope of Israeli strikes, Iran's initial denial, and the strategic logic of the limited response.
Israeli military and political reasoning behind the limited strike near Iran's nuclear facilities.
Middle East escalation raises energy risk
Global Central Bank Policy